EDUCATION
INTRODUCTION:
Education is the most important invention of making. It is more important than his invention of tools, machines, spacecraft, medicine, weapons and even of language, because language too was the product of his education. Man without education would still be living just like an animal. It is education , which transformed him from a mere two-legged animal into human being.
Education is a life-long process. Any modifications brought about in the behavior of an individual as a result of his interaction with the environment constitutes learning.
ORIGIN OF THE TERM ‘EDUCATION’:
Great educators in the past explained the term ‘EDUCATION’ as the art of ‘LEADING CUT’. This explanation was provided by the derivation of the term ‘EDUCATION’ E-means ‘cut of’ and ‘duco’ means ‘to lead’. Thus education is to draw out rather than to put in the whole of education intellectual, moral and physical consisted in leading out the innate knowledge, virtues and powers of the child making the potential actual.
ETYMOLOGICAL MEANING OF EDUCATION:
The word ‘Education’ derived from the lath root as under:
Educare To Bring up, to raise, to educate.
Educere To Lead out, to Draw out.
Educatum To Train, Act of teaching or training.
In Latin dictionary we find the word ‘Educare’ which means ‘ to Eduate’, ‘to bring up’ ‘to raise’. Probably from this explanation the term “education” is derived. These is yet another view according to which the term education comes from the Latin word ’EDUCERE’ meaning ‘to Lead out’ or ‘To Draw Out’ . It is growth from within. It is again believed that the term education is derived from the Latin word “ EDUCATUM” which means the art of teaching.
INDIA VIEWS ON THE DERIVATION OF THE TERM ‘EDUCATION’
The term ‘VIDYA’ is derived from the Sanskrit verbal root. ‘Vid’ which means ‘TO KNOW’.
Hence vidya is knowledge . Another Indian work ‘SHIKSHA’ (Education) is derived from the Sanskrit verbal root “SHAS” which means ‘To Discipline’, ‘To Teach’, ‘To Instruct’ or ‘To Control’.
DEFINITIONS OF EDUCATION-INDIANS:
RIGVEDA: “Education is something which makes man self- Reliant and self-less”.
YAGNAVALKYA: “Education is that which makes a man of good character useful to the society”.
SHANKARACHARY: “Education is the realization of self”.
TAGORE: “Education is that which makes the growing some to draw out that is in Itself”.
ARABINDO GHOSH: “Education mean helping the growing some to draw out that is in itself”.
GANDHI: “By Education, It means an all round drawing out of the best in the child and man-body, mind and spirit.
DEFINITIONS/CONCEPTS OF EDUCATION ACCORDING TO WESTERNERS:
SOCRATES: “Education means the brining out of the ideas of universal validity which are latent in the mind of every man.
PLATO: “Education is the capacity to feel pleasure and pain at the right moment . It develop in the body and in the soul of the pupil all the beauty and all the perfection which he Is capable of”.
FROBEL: “Education is process by which the child makes the internal and external”.
PESTALOZZI: “Education is a natural, harmonious and progressive development of man’s innate powers”.
Prof. DREVER: “Education is a process in which and by which knowledge, character and behavior of the young are shaped and moulded”.
NARROWER AND BROADER MEANING OF ‘ EDUCATION’: gfgfg
Education is a dynamic concept. Therefore divergent views have been expressed by eminent scholar from Socrates to plato and from dewey to Gandhi because of his dynamic nature; there is no common agreement on the question of education. People look upon it differently according to their personal interests and expectations.
NARROWER MEANING:
Education in the narrow sense is a planned, organized and formalized process. It is imparted at a particular place (school, college or university) and at a definite time. It is also impart by definite persons to definite persons (i.e. teacher to students). Its curriculum is too formal . The amount of education received by the child is measured in terms of number and grade of examinations passed by them.
The purpose is to achieve mental development of children entering to school. The education in the narrow sense aims at producing the literature man, the business man, professional bureaucrat, farmer, mechanic etc.
It is a specific influence brought to bear upon the child with a definite purpose, in a preplanned suitable and methodical manner, by the parents; teachers and other members of the community whom we call the educators. To make the narrow meaning of the education more clear, the following opinion is being given:
“In narrow sense, education may be taken to mean any consciously directed effort to develop and cultivate our powers”-S.S. MACKENZI.
BROADER MEANING OF EDUCATION:
In its wider sense, education Is the total development of the personality. Education consists of all those experiences which affect the individual from birth to death. Education is not limited to a classroom or school only. There is on time limit for the purpose. It is rather a lifelong affair. Every platform of life –the play ground, the library, the office, the market, the seashore, the hotel etc. educates the individual.
All the events and experiences, knowledge and wisdom an individual acquires during the infancy childhood, adolescence, youth, manhood or old age through different channels of education (incidental, formal, and non-formal) is education.
Any person who gives the child a new experience is a teacher and the place where this giving and receiving takes places may be termed as a school. In short education is essentially a process of growth and development which goes on through out the whole like. Here Life is education and education is life.
“ Whatever broadens our horizons, deepens our insight, Defines our reactions and stimulates our thoughts and feeling educatous”.-LODGE
“By education , I mean the all-round drawing out of the best in child and man-body mind and soul”-M.K. GANDHI.
AIMS OF EDUCATION:
Education is a purposeful activity. It will not serve its purpose if it doesn’t begin with well defined aims. Aimless activity result activity results in wastage of time, Money and labour. It is evident from the above point that the aims of education are intimately connection with human life.
LIVEL YHOOD: livelihood is essential for human life everywhere. Hence, one of the main aims of education is to train men and women according to their abilities so that they can earn their own livelihood.
DEVELOPMENT OF PERSONALITY: A balanced development of personality is essential for the individual’s private and social life, without this he can neither satisfy all his needs nor a successful life. Consequently, all modern educationists unanimously agree that education must aim at the complete development of human personality.
PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT: In the struggle for survival, man needs a healthy and strong body, for without it, he can’t either live or satisfy his requirements. Hence education must also aim at developing the individual’s body.
INTERLLECTUAL DEVELOPMENT: Man is the distinct among all living being because of his intelligence. It is on the basis of his intelligence that he has because superior to all other forms of life
MORAL DEVELOPMENT: The importance of moral values is even more evident in the modern world since the unprecedented improvement in the means of transport and communication and the remarkable power of destruction possessed by modern weapons. In the absence of ethical values there would be little to prevent the world from being destroyed in catastrophic wars. For this reason, moral and ethical development has also become an important object of education.
SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT: Most of man’s life is spent in
a social environment and in order to accommodate to this environment, the individual.
FUNCTIONS OF EDUCATION
Whatever is required in human life is the result of education. When the child born, he has no knowledge of his surroundings. Gradually he comes to recognize his environment by using the sense organs and by coming in contact with other people.
Education is the process by which knowledge, behavior and character of young are shaped and moulded. Education is right called as the process of man making which prepare the child to complete human being by imparting desirable knowledge, development of attitude and behavior, formation of habits, skills, personality. Patterns and cultivating the values.
The individual took birth as a biological being and education makes the individual as a complete man,. The new born child is like a raw stone and education shapes and moulds the raw stone into an idol. Here the teacher acts as an architect or and molder of desirable change in the behavior. We can dived functions of education into three categories:
Functions of education – Individually.
Functions of education – Social level.
Functions of education – national level.
1 INDIVIDUAL FUNCTION OF EDUCATION:
Development of natural abilities.
Character building.
Development of personality.
Preparation for adult life.
Creation of sense of citizenship.
Proper use of leisure time
2. FUNCTIONS OF EDUCATION AT SOCIAL LEVEL:
a. Function regarding eradication of social problems.
b. Education for social justice, equality.
c. Training for citizenship.
d. Function of vocational training.
e. Spreading the literacy.
f. Training for leadership.
g. Encouragement of social welfare.
h. Protection and increase of culture and citization.
3.FUNCTION OF EDUCATION AT NATIONAL LEVEL:
a. Training for national and emotional integration.
b. Inculcation of democratic values.
c. Promotion of economic growth.
d. Brining religious and cultural harmony.
e. Preservation of environment.
f. Increasing consciousness of their cultures.
g. Developing international understanding.
h. protection and increase of culture and civilization.
i. Inculcation of scientific attitude.
INTRODUCTION:
Education is the most important invention of making. It is more important than his invention of tools, machines, spacecraft, medicine, weapons and even of language, because language too was the product of his education. Man without education would still be living just like an animal. It is education , which transformed him from a mere two-legged animal into human being.
Education is a life-long process. Any modifications brought about in the behavior of an individual as a result of his interaction with the environment constitutes learning.
ORIGIN OF THE TERM ‘EDUCATION’:
Great educators in the past explained the term ‘EDUCATION’ as the art of ‘LEADING CUT’. This explanation was provided by the derivation of the term ‘EDUCATION’ E-means ‘cut of’ and ‘duco’ means ‘to lead’. Thus education is to draw out rather than to put in the whole of education intellectual, moral and physical consisted in leading out the innate knowledge, virtues and powers of the child making the potential actual.
ETYMOLOGICAL MEANING OF EDUCATION:
The word ‘Education’ derived from the lath root as under:
Educare To Bring up, to raise, to educate.
Educere To Lead out, to Draw out.
Educatum To Train, Act of teaching or training.
In Latin dictionary we find the word ‘Educare’ which means ‘ to Eduate’, ‘to bring up’ ‘to raise’. Probably from this explanation the term “education” is derived. These is yet another view according to which the term education comes from the Latin word ’EDUCERE’ meaning ‘to Lead out’ or ‘To Draw Out’ . It is growth from within. It is again believed that the term education is derived from the Latin word “ EDUCATUM” which means the art of teaching.
INDIA VIEWS ON THE DERIVATION OF THE TERM ‘EDUCATION’
The term ‘VIDYA’ is derived from the Sanskrit verbal root. ‘Vid’ which means ‘TO KNOW’.
Hence vidya is knowledge . Another Indian work ‘SHIKSHA’ (Education) is derived from the Sanskrit verbal root “SHAS” which means ‘To Discipline’, ‘To Teach’, ‘To Instruct’ or ‘To Control’.
DEFINITIONS OF EDUCATION-INDIANS:
RIGVEDA: “Education is something which makes man self- Reliant and self-less”.
YAGNAVALKYA: “Education is that which makes a man of good character useful to the society”.
SHANKARACHARY: “Education is the realization of self”.
TAGORE: “Education is that which makes the growing some to draw out that is in Itself”.
ARABINDO GHOSH: “Education mean helping the growing some to draw out that is in itself”.
GANDHI: “By Education, It means an all round drawing out of the best in the child and man-body, mind and spirit.
DEFINITIONS/CONCEPTS OF EDUCATION ACCORDING TO WESTERNERS:
SOCRATES: “Education means the brining out of the ideas of universal validity which are latent in the mind of every man.
PLATO: “Education is the capacity to feel pleasure and pain at the right moment . It develop in the body and in the soul of the pupil all the beauty and all the perfection which he Is capable of”.
FROBEL: “Education is process by which the child makes the internal and external”.
PESTALOZZI: “Education is a natural, harmonious and progressive development of man’s innate powers”.
Prof. DREVER: “Education is a process in which and by which knowledge, character and behavior of the young are shaped and moulded”.
NARROWER AND BROADER MEANING OF ‘ EDUCATION’: gfgfg
Education is a dynamic concept. Therefore divergent views have been expressed by eminent scholar from Socrates to plato and from dewey to Gandhi because of his dynamic nature; there is no common agreement on the question of education. People look upon it differently according to their personal interests and expectations.
NARROWER MEANING:
Education in the narrow sense is a planned, organized and formalized process. It is imparted at a particular place (school, college or university) and at a definite time. It is also impart by definite persons to definite persons (i.e. teacher to students). Its curriculum is too formal . The amount of education received by the child is measured in terms of number and grade of examinations passed by them.
The purpose is to achieve mental development of children entering to school. The education in the narrow sense aims at producing the literature man, the business man, professional bureaucrat, farmer, mechanic etc.
It is a specific influence brought to bear upon the child with a definite purpose, in a preplanned suitable and methodical manner, by the parents; teachers and other members of the community whom we call the educators. To make the narrow meaning of the education more clear, the following opinion is being given:
“In narrow sense, education may be taken to mean any consciously directed effort to develop and cultivate our powers”-S.S. MACKENZI.
BROADER MEANING OF EDUCATION:
In its wider sense, education Is the total development of the personality. Education consists of all those experiences which affect the individual from birth to death. Education is not limited to a classroom or school only. There is on time limit for the purpose. It is rather a lifelong affair. Every platform of life –the play ground, the library, the office, the market, the seashore, the hotel etc. educates the individual.
All the events and experiences, knowledge and wisdom an individual acquires during the infancy childhood, adolescence, youth, manhood or old age through different channels of education (incidental, formal, and non-formal) is education.
Any person who gives the child a new experience is a teacher and the place where this giving and receiving takes places may be termed as a school. In short education is essentially a process of growth and development which goes on through out the whole like. Here Life is education and education is life.
“ Whatever broadens our horizons, deepens our insight, Defines our reactions and stimulates our thoughts and feeling educatous”.-LODGE
“By education , I mean the all-round drawing out of the best in child and man-body mind and soul”-M.K. GANDHI.
AIMS OF EDUCATION:
Education is a purposeful activity. It will not serve its purpose if it doesn’t begin with well defined aims. Aimless activity result activity results in wastage of time, Money and labour. It is evident from the above point that the aims of education are intimately connection with human life.
LIVEL YHOOD: livelihood is essential for human life everywhere. Hence, one of the main aims of education is to train men and women according to their abilities so that they can earn their own livelihood.
DEVELOPMENT OF PERSONALITY: A balanced development of personality is essential for the individual’s private and social life, without this he can neither satisfy all his needs nor a successful life. Consequently, all modern educationists unanimously agree that education must aim at the complete development of human personality.
PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT: In the struggle for survival, man needs a healthy and strong body, for without it, he can’t either live or satisfy his requirements. Hence education must also aim at developing the individual’s body.
INTERLLECTUAL DEVELOPMENT: Man is the distinct among all living being because of his intelligence. It is on the basis of his intelligence that he has because superior to all other forms of life
MORAL DEVELOPMENT: The importance of moral values is even more evident in the modern world since the unprecedented improvement in the means of transport and communication and the remarkable power of destruction possessed by modern weapons. In the absence of ethical values there would be little to prevent the world from being destroyed in catastrophic wars. For this reason, moral and ethical development has also become an important object of education.
SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT: Most of man’s life is spent in
a social environment and in order to accommodate to this environment, the individual.
FUNCTIONS OF EDUCATION
Whatever is required in human life is the result of education. When the child born, he has no knowledge of his surroundings. Gradually he comes to recognize his environment by using the sense organs and by coming in contact with other people.
Education is the process by which knowledge, behavior and character of young are shaped and moulded. Education is right called as the process of man making which prepare the child to complete human being by imparting desirable knowledge, development of attitude and behavior, formation of habits, skills, personality. Patterns and cultivating the values.
The individual took birth as a biological being and education makes the individual as a complete man,. The new born child is like a raw stone and education shapes and moulds the raw stone into an idol. Here the teacher acts as an architect or and molder of desirable change in the behavior. We can dived functions of education into three categories:
Functions of education – Individually.
Functions of education – Social level.
Functions of education – national level.
1 INDIVIDUAL FUNCTION OF EDUCATION:
Development of natural abilities.
Character building.
Development of personality.
Preparation for adult life.
Creation of sense of citizenship.
Proper use of leisure time
2. FUNCTIONS OF EDUCATION AT SOCIAL LEVEL:
a. Function regarding eradication of social problems.
b. Education for social justice, equality.
c. Training for citizenship.
d. Function of vocational training.
e. Spreading the literacy.
f. Training for leadership.
g. Encouragement of social welfare.
h. Protection and increase of culture and citization.
3.FUNCTION OF EDUCATION AT NATIONAL LEVEL:
a. Training for national and emotional integration.
b. Inculcation of democratic values.
c. Promotion of economic growth.
d. Brining religious and cultural harmony.
e. Preservation of environment.
f. Increasing consciousness of their cultures.
g. Developing international understanding.
h. protection and increase of culture and civilization.
i. Inculcation of scientific attitude.
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